Slovakia
Rudolf Vrba
My friend Ilfred Wetzler and I were Slovak Jews who managed to escape from the Auschwitz-Brzezinka extermination camp and inform about what was happening there. I come from Topoľčany. In the 15th year, I was expelled from the gymnasium because of my Jewish origin. I tried to escape from Slovakia twice unsuccessfully, but after the second attempt I was deported to Majdanek and from there to Auschwitz. Ilfred and I were imprisoned there for at least two years. Friday, April 7, 1944, together with Ilfred, I climbed into a dug hole under a pile of wood, which was intended for the construction of a new part of the camp. It was located in a part that was guarded only during the day. The prisoners who helped us escape covered us with boards and to fool the guard dogs we scattered smelly Russian tobacco soaked in gasoline around us. From the experience of other prisoners, we knew that after our absence was discovered, they would search for us for 3 days. So we stayed in the hiding place until the fourth night. On April 10, we went south to the Polish-Slovak border in the civilian clothes we had taken at work. Eleven days after the escape from the camp, we reported in detail about the geographical location of the extermination camp, about the method of mass extermination in the gas chambers, about the most important events of the camp during the two years we spent there, as well as a numerical estimate of the victims of the Nazi murder in Auschwitz. Our report is 32 pages long and has become known as the Vrbas and Weltzlers report. It is considered one of the most important documents because it was the first detailed information about the camp that reached the Allies and was deemed trustworthy. Thanks to her, the mass deportation of Jews was stopped and about 200,000 people were saved.